Appendix:English pronunciation
| enPR-reform | enPR-AHD | Lexical set | Diaphonic IPA | Dialectal IPA & Dialectal enPR-reform | |||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Fully Diaphonic | Semi-Diaphonic |  RP
|
 GA
|
 CanE
|
 AuE
|
 NZE
|
 ScE
|
 WelE
| |||
| \\ä\\ | PALM | //ɑː// | /ɑː/ \ä\ | /ɑ/ \ä\ | /ɐː/ \ä\ | /a/ \ă\ | /ɑː/ \ä\ | ||||
| \\är\\ | START | //ɑːr// | /ɑɹ/ \är\ | /aɾ/ \ăr\ | /ɑː(ɾ)/ \ä(r)\ | ||||||
| \\ă\\ | TRAP | //æ// | /æ/ \ă\ | /ɛ/ \ă\ | /a/ \ă\ | ||||||
| \\ăr\\ | TRAP + r | //ær// | /æɹ/ \ăr\ | /æɹ/ \ăr\, /ɛɹ/ \ĕr\ | /ɛɹ/ \ĕr\ | /æɹ/ \ăr\ | /ɛɹ/ \ăr\ | /aɾ/ \ăr\ | |||
| \\ā\\ | FACE | //eː// | //eɪ// | /eɪ/ \ā\ | /æɪ/ \ā\ | /e/ \ā\ | /eː/ \ā\,[1] /ej/ \ā\[2] | ||||
| \\ā\\ | STAY | //eɪ// | /ej/ \āi\,[1] /ej/ \ā\[2] | ||||||||
| \\â\\ | \\ä\\, \\ă\\ | BATH | //æː// | //æ//, //ɑː// | /ɑː/ \ä\ | /æ/ \ă\ | /ɐː/ \ä\ | /a/ \ă\ | /ɑː/ \ä\, /a/ \ă\ | ||
| \\âr\\ | SQUARE | //ɛər// | /eə/ \âr\ | /ɛəɹ/ \âr\, /ɛɹ/ \ĕr\ | /eː/ \âr\ | /eə/ \âr\, /iə/ \ēr\ | /eɾ/ \ār\ | /ɛː/ \âr\,[3] /eːɾ/ \âr\,[4] /ejɾ/ \âr\[5] | |||
| \\âir\\ | \\âr\\ | AIRED | //ɛːr// | //ɛər// | /ɛː/ \âr\,[3] /ejɾ/ \âir\,[4] /ejɾ/ \âr\[5] | ||||||
| \\ë\\ | \\ē\\ | happY | //i// | /i/ \ë\ | /i/ \ē\ | /ɪj/ \ē\ | /e/ \ë\, /ɪ/ \ĭ\ | /iː/ \ē\ | |||
| \\ĕ\\ | DRESS | //ɛ// | /e/ \ĕ\ | /ɛ/ \ĕ\ | /e/ \ĕ\ | /e/ \ĕ\, /ɪj/ \ē\ | /ɛ/ \ĕ\ | ||||
| \\ĕr\\ | DRESS + r | //ɛr// | /eɹ/ \ĕr\ | /ɛɹ/ \ĕr\ | /eɹ/ \ĕr\ | /eɹ/ \ĕr\, /ɪjɹ/ \ē-r\ | /ɛɹ/ \ĕr\ | ||||
| \\ē\\ | FLEECE | //iː// | /iː/ \ē\ | /i/ \ē\ | /ɪj/ \ē\ | /i/ \ē\ | /iː/ \ē\ | ||||
| \\ēr\\ | \\îr\\ | NEAR | //ɪər// | /ɪə/ \ēr\ | /ɪɹ/ \ĭr\, /iɹ/ \ēr\ | /ɪə/ \ēr\ | /iə/ \ēr\ | /iɾ/ \ēr\ | /ɪə/ \ēr\, /iɾ/ \ēr\ | ||
| \\êr\\ | \\ûr\\ | TERM | //ɜːr// | /ɜː/ \êr\ | /əɹ/ \ər\ | /əː/ \êr\ | /øː/ \êr\ | /ɛɾ/ \ĕr\ | /əː(ɾ)/ \êr\ | ||
| \\ïr\\ | \\īər\\ | WIRE | //aːɪr// | //aɪər// | /aɪə/ \ī-ə\ | /aɪəɹ/ \ī-ər\ | /ɑeə/ \ī-ə\ | /ɑɪə/ \ī-ə\ | /aɪɾ/ \īr\ | /ajə(ɾ)/ \ī-ə(r)\ | |
| \\ĭ\\ | KIT | //ɪ// | /ɪ/ \ĭ\ | /ə/ \ə\ | /ɪ/ \ĭ\ | ||||||
| \\ĭr\\ | KIT + r | //ɪr// | /ɪɹ/ \ĭr\ | /ɪɹ/ \ĭr\, /iɹ/ \ēr\ | /ɪɹ/ \ĭr\ | /əɹ/ \ər\ | /ɪɾ/ \ĭr\ | ||||
| \\ī\\ | PRICE | //aɪ// | /aɪ/ \ī\ | /ɑe/ \ī\ | /ɑɪ/ \ī\ | /aɪ/ \ī\ | /aj/ \ī\ | ||||
| \\īr\\ | PRICE + r | //aɪr// | /aɪɹ/ \īr\ | /ɑeɹ/ \īr\ | /ɑɪɹ/ \īr\ | /aɪɾ/ \īr\ | /ajɾ/ \īr\ | ||||
| \\îr\\ | SIR | //ɪːr// | //ɜːr// | /ɜː/ \êr\ | /əɹ/ \ər\ | /əː/ \êr\ | /øː/ \êr\ | /ɪɾ/ \ĭr\ | /əː(ɾ)/ \êr\ | ||
| \\ö\\ | \\ŏ\\ | CLOTH | //ɒː// | //ɒ// | /ɒ/ \ŏ\ | /ɔ/ \ô\, /ɑ/ \ä\ | /ɑ/ \ä\ | /ɔ/ \ŏ\ | /ɔ/ \ô\ | /ɒ/ \ŏ\ | |
| \\ör\\ | \\ŏr\\ | CLOTH + r | //ɒːr// | //ɒr// | /ɒɹ/ \ŏr\ | /ɔɹ/ \ôr\ | /ɔɹ/ \ŏr\ | /ɔɹ/ \ôr\ | /ɒɹ/ \ŏr\ | ||
| \\ŏ\\ | LOT | //ɒ// | /ɒ/ \ŏ\ | /ɑ/ \ä\ | /ɔ/ \ŏ\ | /ɔ/ \ô\ | /ɒ/ \ŏ\ | ||||
| \\ŏr\\ | LOT + r | //ɒr// | /ɒɹ/ \ŏr\ | /ɑɹ/ \är\ | /ɔɹ/ \ôr\ | /ɔɹ/ \ŏr\ | /ɔɹ/ \ôr\ | /ɒɹ/ \ŏr\ | |||
| \\ō\\ | GOAT | //oː// | //oʊ// | /əʊ/ \ō\ | /əʊ/ \ō\ | /ɐʉ/ \ō\ | /o/ \ō\ | /oː/ \ō\,[6] /ow/ \ō\[7] | |||
| \\ōu\\ | \\ō\\ | BLOW | //oʊ// | /ow/ \ōw\,[6] /ow/ \ō\[7] | |||||||
| \\ōr\\ | \\ōr\\, \\ôr\\ | FORCE | //oːər// | //ɔːr// | /ɔː/ \ô\ | /ɔɹ/ \ôr\ | /oː/ \ô\ | /oɾ/ \ōr\ | /ɔː(ɾ)/ \ô(r)\ | ||
| \\ōur\\ | COURSE | //oər// | /ɔː(ɾ)/ \ô(r)\, /owɾ/ \ōur\ | ||||||||
| \\ô\\ | THOUGHT | //ɔː// | /ɔ/ \ô\, /ɑ/ \ä\ | /ɑ/ \ä\ | /ɔ/ \ô\ | /ɔː/ \ô\ | |||||
| \\ôr\\ | NORTH | //ɔːr// | /ɔɹ/ \ôr\ | /ɔɾ/ \ôr\ | /ɔː(ɾ)/ \ô(r)\ | ||||||
| \\o͝o\\ | FOOT | //ʊ// | /ʊ/ \o͝o\ | /ʉ/ \o͞o\ | /ʊ/ \o͝o\ | ||||||
| \\o͝or\\ | FOOT + r | //ʊr// | /ʊr/ \o͝or\ | /ʊr/ \o͝or\, /ɔɹ/ \ôr\ | /ʊr/ \o͝or\ | /ʉr/ \o͞or\ | /ʊr/ \o͝or\ | ||||
| \\o͝oər\\ | TOURED | //ʊər// | |||||||||
- ↑ 1.0 1.1 Used by speakers without the pane-pain merger.
- ↑ 2.0 2.1 Used by speakers with the pane-pain merger.
- ↑ 3.0 3.1 Used by non-rhotic speakers, regardless of the pane-pain merger.
- ↑ 4.0 4.1 Used by rhotic speakers without the pane-pain merger.
- ↑ 5.0 5.1 Used by rhotic speakers with the pane-pain merger.
- ↑ 6.0 6.1 Used by speakers without the toe-tow merger.
- ↑ 7.0 7.1 Used by speakers with the toe-tow merger.