Appendix:English pronunciation: Difference between revisions
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coplán, roplán. |
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| Line 91: | Line 91: | ||
| //ɛər// | | //ɛər// | ||
| /ɛː/ \âr\,{{#tag:ref|Used by non-rhotic speakers, regardless of the [[toe-tow merger]].|name="walesnonrhotic"}} /ejɾ/ \âir\,{{#tag:ref|Used by rhotic speakers without the [[toe-tow merger]].|name="nontoerhotic"}} /ejɾ/ \âr\{{#tag:ref|Used by rhotic speakers with the [[toe-tow merger]].|name="toerhotic"}} | | /ɛː/ \âr\,{{#tag:ref|Used by non-rhotic speakers, regardless of the [[toe-tow merger]].|name="walesnonrhotic"}} /ejɾ/ \âir\,{{#tag:ref|Used by rhotic speakers without the [[toe-tow merger]].|name="nontoerhotic"}} /ejɾ/ \âr\{{#tag:ref|Used by rhotic speakers with the [[toe-tow merger]].|name="toerhotic"}} | ||
|- | |||
| \\ë\\ | |||
| \\ē\\ | |||
| happY | |||
| colspan="2"| //i// | |||
| /i/ \ë\ | |||
| colspan="2"| /i/ \ē\ | |||
| colspan="2"| /ɪj/ \ē\ | |||
| /e/ \ë\, /ɪ/ \ĭ\ | |||
| /iː/ \ē\ | |||
|- | |||
| colspan="2"| \\ĕ\\ | |||
| DRESS | |||
| colspan="2"| //ɛ// | |||
| /e/ \ĕ\ | |||
| colspan="2"| /ɛ/ \ĕ\ | |||
| /e/ \ĕ\ | |||
| /e/ \ĕ\, /ɪj/ \ē\ | |||
| colspan="2"| /ɛ/ \ĕ\ | |||
|- | |||
| colspan="2"| \\ĕr\\ | |||
| DRESS + r | |||
| colspan="2"| //ɛr// | |||
| /eɹ/ \ĕr\ | |||
| colspan="2"| /ɛɹ/ \ĕr\ | |||
| /eɹ/ \ĕr\ | |||
| /eɹ/ \ĕr\, /ɪjɹ/ \ē-r\ | |||
| colspan="2"| /ɛɹ/ \ĕr\ | |||
|- | |||
| colspan="2"| \\ē\\ | |||
| FLEECE | |||
| colspan="2"| //iː// | |||
| /iː/ \ē\ | |||
| colspan="2"| /i/ \ē\ | |||
| colspan="2"| /ɪj/ \ē\ | |||
| /i/ \ē\ | |||
| /iː/ \ē\ | |||
|- | |||
| \\ēr\\ | |||
| \\îr\\ | |||
| NEAR | |||
| colspan="2"| //ɪər// | |||
| /ɪə/ \ēr\ | |||
| colspan="2"| /ɪɹ/ \ĭr\, /iɹ/ \ēr\ | |||
| /ɪə/ \ēr\ | |||
| /iə/ \ēr\ | |||
| /iɾ/ \ēr\ | |||
| /ɪə/ \ēr\, /iɾ/ \ēr\ | |||
|- | |||
| \\êr\\ | |||
| \\ûr\\ | |||
| TERM | |||
| colspan="2"| //ɜːr// | |||
| /ɜː/ \êr\ | |||
| colspan="2"| /əɹ/ \ər\ | |||
| /əː/ \êr\ | |||
| /øː/ \êr\ | |||
| /ɛɾ/ \ĕr\ | |||
| /əː(ɾ)/ \êr\ | |||
|- | |||
| colspan="2"| \\ī\\ | |||
| PRICE | |||
| colspan="2"| //aɪ// | |||
| colspan="3"| /aɪ/ \ī\ | |||
| /ɑe/ \ī\ | |||
| /ɑɪ/ \ī\ | |||
| colspan="2"| /aɪ/ \ī\ | |||
|- | |||
| \\ïr\\ | |||
| \\īər\\ | |||
| WIRE | |||
| //aːɪr// | |||
| //aɪər// | |||
| colspan="2"| /aɪə/ \ī-ə\ | |||
| colspan="2"| /aɪəɹ/ \ī-ər\ | |||
| /ɑeɹ/ \īr\ | |||
| /ɑɪɹ/ \īr\ | |||
| colspan="2"| /aɪɾ/ \īr\ | |||
|- | |||
| colspan="2"| \\ĭ\\ | |||
| KIT | |||
| colspan="2"| //ɪ// | |||
| colspan="4"| /ɪ/ \ĭ\ | |||
| /ə/ \ə\ | |||
| colspan="2"| /ɪ/ \ĭ\ | |||
|- | |||
| colspan="2"| \\ĭr\\ | |||
| KIT + r | |||
| colspan="2"| //ɪr// | |||
| /ɪɹ/ \ĭr\ | |||
| colspan="2"| /ɪɹ/ \ĭr\, /iɹ/ \ēr\ | |||
| /ɪɹ/ \ĭr\ | |||
| /əɹ/ \ər\ | |||
| colspan="2"| /ɪɾ/ \ĭr\ | |||
|- | |||
| colspan="2"| \\ī\\ | |||
| PRICE | |||
| colspan="2"| //aɪ// | |||
| colspan="3"| /aɪ/ \ī\ | |||
| /ɑe/ \ī\ | |||
| /ɑɪ/ \ī\ | |||
| colspan="2"| /aɪ/ \ī\ | |||
|- | |||
| colspan="2"| \\īr\\ | |||
| PRICE + r | |||
| colspan="2"| //aɪr// | |||
| colspan="3"| /aɪɹ/ \īr\ | |||
| /ɑeɹ/ \īr\ | |||
| /ɑɪɹ/ \īr\ | |||
| colspan="2"| /aɪɾ/ \īr\ | |||
|} | |} | ||
Revision as of 15:44, 10 October 2026
| enPR-reform | enPR-AHD | Lexical set | Diaphonic IPA | Dialectal IPA & Dialectal enPR-reform | ||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Fully Diaphonic | Semi-Diaphonic |  RP
|
 GA
|
 CanE
|
 AuE
|
 NZE
|
 ScE
|
 WelE
| ||||
| \\ä\\ | PALM | //ɑː// | /ɑː/ \ä\ | /ɑ/ \ä\ | /ɐː/ \ä\ | /a/ \ă\ | /ɑː/ \ä\ | |||||
| \\är\\ | START | //ɑːr// | /ɑɹ/ \är\ | /aɾ/ \ăr\ | /ɑː(ɾ)/ \ä(r)\ | |||||||
| \\ă\\ | TRAP | //æ// | /æ/ \ă\ | /ɛ/ \ă\ | /a/ \ă\ | |||||||
| \\ăr\\ | TRAP + r | //ær// | /æɹ/ \ăr\ | /æɹ/ \ăr\, /ɛɹ/ \ĕr\ | /ɛɹ/ \ĕr\ | /æɹ/ \ăr\ | /ɛɹ/ \ăr\ | /aɾ/ \ăr\ | ||||
| \\ā\\ | FACE | //eː// | //eɪ// | /eɪ/ \ā\ | /æɪ/ \ā\ | /e/ \ā\ | /eː/ \ā\,[1] /ej/ \ā\[2] | |||||
| \\ā\\ | STAY | //eɪ// | /ej/ \āi\,[1] /ej/ \ā\[2] | |||||||||
| \\â\\ | \\ä\\, \\ă\\ | BATH | //æː// | //æ//, //ɑː// | /ɑː/ \ä\ | /æ/ \ă\ | /ɐː/ \ä\ | /a/ \ă\ | /ɑː/ \ä\, /a/ \ă\ | |||
| \\âr\\ | SQUARE | //ɛər// | /eə/ \âr\ | /ɛəɹ/ \âr\, /ɛɹ/ \ĕr\ | /eː/ \âr\ | /eə/ \âr\, /iə/ \ēr\ | /eɾ/ \ār\ | /ɛː/ \âr\,[3] /eːɾ/ \âr\,[4] /ejɾ/ \âr\[5] | ||||
| \\âir\\ | \\âr\\ | AIRED | //ɛːr// | //ɛər// | /ɛː/ \âr\,[3] /ejɾ/ \âir\,[4] /ejɾ/ \âr\[5] | |||||||
| \\ë\\ | \\ē\\ | happY | //i// | /i/ \ë\ | /i/ \ē\ | /ɪj/ \ē\ | /e/ \ë\, /ɪ/ \ĭ\ | /iː/ \ē\ | ||||
| \\ĕ\\ | DRESS | //ɛ// | /e/ \ĕ\ | /ɛ/ \ĕ\ | /e/ \ĕ\ | /e/ \ĕ\, /ɪj/ \ē\ | /ɛ/ \ĕ\ | |||||
| \\ĕr\\ | DRESS + r | //ɛr// | /eɹ/ \ĕr\ | /ɛɹ/ \ĕr\ | /eɹ/ \ĕr\ | /eɹ/ \ĕr\, /ɪjɹ/ \ē-r\ | /ɛɹ/ \ĕr\ | |||||
| \\ē\\ | FLEECE | //iː// | /iː/ \ē\ | /i/ \ē\ | /ɪj/ \ē\ | /i/ \ē\ | /iː/ \ē\ | |||||
| \\ēr\\ | \\îr\\ | NEAR | //ɪər// | /ɪə/ \ēr\ | /ɪɹ/ \ĭr\, /iɹ/ \ēr\ | /ɪə/ \ēr\ | /iə/ \ēr\ | /iɾ/ \ēr\ | /ɪə/ \ēr\, /iɾ/ \ēr\ | |||
| \\êr\\ | \\ûr\\ | TERM | //ɜːr// | /ɜː/ \êr\ | /əɹ/ \ər\ | /əː/ \êr\ | /øː/ \êr\ | /ɛɾ/ \ĕr\ | /əː(ɾ)/ \êr\ | |||
| \\ī\\ | PRICE | //aɪ// | /aɪ/ \ī\ | /ɑe/ \ī\ | /ɑɪ/ \ī\ | /aɪ/ \ī\ | ||||||
| \\ïr\\ | \\īər\\ | WIRE | //aːɪr// | //aɪər// | /aɪə/ \ī-ə\ | /aɪəɹ/ \ī-ər\ | /ɑeɹ/ \īr\ | /ɑɪɹ/ \īr\ | /aɪɾ/ \īr\ | |||
| \\ĭ\\ | KIT | //ɪ// | /ɪ/ \ĭ\ | /ə/ \ə\ | /ɪ/ \ĭ\ | |||||||
| \\ĭr\\ | KIT + r | //ɪr// | /ɪɹ/ \ĭr\ | /ɪɹ/ \ĭr\, /iɹ/ \ēr\ | /ɪɹ/ \ĭr\ | /əɹ/ \ər\ | /ɪɾ/ \ĭr\ | |||||
| \\ī\\ | PRICE | //aɪ// | /aɪ/ \ī\ | /ɑe/ \ī\ | /ɑɪ/ \ī\ | /aɪ/ \ī\ | ||||||
| \\īr\\ | PRICE + r | //aɪr// | /aɪɹ/ \īr\ | /ɑeɹ/ \īr\ | /ɑɪɹ/ \īr\ | /aɪɾ/ \īr\ | ||||||
- ↑ 1.0 1.1 Used by speakers without the toe-tow merger.
- ↑ 2.0 2.1 Used by speakers with the toe-tow merger.
- ↑ 3.0 3.1 Used by non-rhotic speakers, regardless of the toe-tow merger.
- ↑ 4.0 4.1 Used by rhotic speakers without the toe-tow merger.
- ↑ 5.0 5.1 Used by rhotic speakers with the toe-tow merger.